Multiple Sclerosis Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Multiple Sclerosis, including details on diagnosis, symptoms, treatment, prognosis.

Epitope spreading initiates in the CNS in two mouse models of multiple sclerosis.

McMahon EJ, Bailey SL, Castenada CV, Waldner H, Miller SD

Department of Microbiology-Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.

Chronic progression of two T cell-mediated central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating models of multiple sclerosis, relapsing EAE (R-EAE) and Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) is dependent on the activation of T cells to endogenous myelin epitopes (epitope spreading). Using transfer of carboxyfluorescein succinyl ester (CFSE)-labeled T-cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic T cells and mixed bone marrow chimeras, we show that activation of naive proteolipid protein (PLP)139-151-specific T cells in SJL mice undergoing PLP178-191-induced R-EAE or TMEV-IDD occurs directly in the CNS and not in the cervical lymph nodes or other peripheral lymphoid organs. Examination of the antigen-presentation capacity of antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations purified from the CNS of mice with PLP178-191-induced R-EAE shows that only F4/80-CD11c+CD45hi dendritic cells (DCs) efficiently present endogenous antigen to activate naive PLP139-151-specific T cells in vitro. In contrast, DCs as well as F4/80+CD45hi macrophages and F4/80+CD45lo microglia activate a PLP139-151-specific helper T cell line. The data suggest that naive T cells enter the inflamed CNS and are activated by local APCs, possibly DCs, to initiate epitope spreading.

Published 4 March 2005 in Nat Med, 11(3): 335-9.
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